Efa

ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS (EFAs) are fats that are needed by the body, but not manufactured by it. They are sometimes referred to as vitamin F. Important EFAs include the Omega-3s (such as alpha-linolenic acid) and Omega-6s (linoleic acid). EFAs are especially important to the health of the cell membranes and promote te growth of muscles and nerves. Together, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids play a crucial role in brain function as well as normal growth and development.

Dogs require one essential fatty acid - Omega-6 (linoleic acid). If linoleic acid is provided at proper levels, dogs can produce all other needed fatty acids.

Omega-3 fatty acids are found in high concentrations in the oil of cold water fish such as salmon, mackerel, herring and tuna, as well as the seeds of certain plants such as flaxseed, raw pumpkin seeds and whole grains. Cancer, arthritis, other inflammatory conditions, and immune system weaknesses are some of the most serious health problems associated with a lack of omega-3 fats. Omega-3 fatty acids are natural blood thinners, reducing the "stickiness" of blood cells, which can lead to such complications as blood clots and stroke. Three specific essential fatty acids are found in omega-3 fats and oils:

eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)

docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)

Cold water fish oil is a very good supplement for EPA and DHA, and flaxseed is a good source for ALA. Adding Omega-3 to the diet corrects many dry skin problems and has been reported to decrease arthritic stiffness.

Omega-6 fatty acids are found in plant oils such as sunflower, safflower, lentils, legumes, and from lean meats and eggs. The body uses Omega-6 fatty acids to produce prostaglandins, which support immune system function, skin health, and regulate pro-inflammatory reactions. (A prostaglandin is any member of a group of compounds that are derived from fatty acids and have important functions.) It has potential therapeutic use in the prevention or treatment of heart disease, arthritis and skin problems. Omega-6 works to help regulate the blood flow to body tissues, aid in clotting after an injury, aid in normal reproduction, help a pet's immune system respond to injury and infection, and help a normal, healthy pet maintain a handsome haircoat and healthy skin.

Omega-9 fatty acid (oleic acid) is monounsaturated. It is not considered essential because the body can produce it. Other sources of Omega-9 are olives, sesame seeds, flax seeds, pumpkin seeds and the pressed oils from these foods. Some of the health benefits associated with Omega-9 fatty acids are related to cardiovascular support and maintenance of cholesterol within normal range.